Reported speech atau indirect speech yaitu dua hal yang sama yang mungkin kita kenal dalam istilah Bahasa Indonesia sebagai kalimat tidak langsung.
Reproted sendiri berasal dari kata report yang berarti melaporkan atau menyampaikan. Dan itu sekaligus menjelaskan fungsi dari reported speech itu sendiri yaitu untuk memberikan kembali kalimat yang diucapkan oleh seseorang.
Sebagai pola misal Billy menyampaikan "I like fired chicken for lunch." kemudian beberapa ketika kemudian ada seseorang yang bertanya kepada kita apa yang Billy katakan? dan kita menjawab Billy said he liked fried chicken for lunch. Maka itulah yang disebut dengan reported speech atau kalimat tidak langsung.
Kita tidak mengubah kalimat atau makna dari apa yang telah orang lain katakan untuk disampaikan kembali, kita hanya merubah beberapa kata saja yang memang hal tersebut telah diatur.
Untuk lebih terperinci perihal bagaimana cara menyusun reported speech perhatikan klarifikasi berikut.
Pada ketika kita ingin merubah kalimat eksklusif (reported speech) menjadi kalimat tidak eksklusif ada beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan seperti:
1. Perubahan bentuk tenses
Pada postingan kali ini kita tidak akan membahas reported speech dalam bentuk semua tenses, tapi kita akan membahasnya satu persatu untuk tiap postingan.
2. Penggunaan Personal Pronoun
Apabila masih belum memahami perihal jenis-jenis personal pronoun serta fungsinya, silahkan dibuka pada link berikut
3. Perubahan beberapa adverb (kata keterangan) tertentu.
Beberapa pola perbuahan Adverb dalam reported speech adalah:
KALIMAT LANGSUNG - KALIMAT TDK LANGSUNG
Today - That day
Now - Then / at that moment
Tomorrow - The following day / the next day / a day later
Yesterday - The previous day / the day before
Last week - The week before / the previous week
Last month - The month before / the previous month
Last year - The year before / the previous year
Next week - The week later / the following week
Next month - The month later / the following month
Next year - The year later / the following year
Here - There
This - That
Pada kesempatan kali ini kita akan mencoba membahas cara menyusun reported speech dalam bentuk Present Tense.
Reported Speech Simple Present Tense menjadi Simple Past Tense
Apabila seseorang menyampaikan sebuah kalimat dalam bentuk kalimat eksklusif memakai Simple Present Tense maka kita harus mengubah kalimat tersebut ke dalam bentuk reported speech dengan memakai Simple Past Tense.
Berikut rumus lengkap untuk reported speech Simple Past Tense:
Kalimat tidak eksklusif Simple Past Tense verbal
Rumus yang digunakan:
(+) SOMEONE SAID + SUBJECT + VERB 2 + OBJECT
(+) SOMEONE SAID + SUBJECT + VERB 2 + OBJECT
(-) SOMEONE SAID + SUBJECT + DIDN'T + VERB 1 + OBJECT
Contoh kalimat:
Surya: "I practice tennis every Saturday afternoon with my dad."
Surya said He practiced tennis every Saturday afternoon with his dad.
Mrs. Lucy: "I waters my flowers evey morning."
Mrs. Lucy said she watered her flowers every morning.
Melly: "I usually sit here with Yadi.
Melly said she usually sat there with Yadi.
Carla: "My mom cleans the kitchen twice in a week."
Carla said her mom cleaned the kitchen twice in a week.
Santi: "I and Sinta make a cake for our mom's birthday."
Santi said she and Sinta made a cake for their mom's birthday.
Lisa: "I don't bring my lunch box today."
Lisa said she didn't bring her lunch box that day.
Henry: "My uncle doesn't smoke any cigarette."
Henry said his uncle didn't smoke any cigarette.
Kalimat tidak langusng Simple Past Tense nominal
Rumus yang digunakan:
(+) SOMEONE SAID + SUBJECT + WAS / WERE + OBJECT
(+) SOMEONE SAID + SUBJECT + WAS / WERE + OBJECT
(-) SOMEONE SAID + SUBJECT + WASN'T / WEREN'T + OBJECT
Contoh Kalimat:
Intan and Murni: "We are at Nindy's house today."
Intan and Murni said they were at Nindy's house that day.
Dad: "Mr. Farid is kind to everyone in his neighborhood."
Dad said Mr. Farid was kind to everyone in his neighborhood.
Teacher: "They are ready for the next test."
The teacher said they were ready for the following test.
Eddie: "I am sick today."
Eddie said he was sick that day.
Mr. Reza: "Your note books are on my desk."
Mr. Reza said our note books were on his desk.
Carl: "I am not ready to face Mr. Fernando alone."
Carl said he wasn't ready to face Mr. Fernando alone.
Becky: "The students are not in the classroom."
Becky said the students weren't in the classroom.
Sekarang mari kita coba beberapa latihan soal berikut untuk memastikan kita telah memahami materi yang telah dijelaskan di atas.
REPORTED SPEECH TEST
Change the following sentences into reported speech form!
1. Andy: "I never wear a hat at school."
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2. Asti: "I believe Indonesia is one of a greatest country in Asia."
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3. Policeman: "Everybody is panic and they run out of the building."
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4. Alif: "My name is Alif and I live on Jl. Nusantara no 23."
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5. Rendy: "I have two cats at my house."
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6. Banu: "I don't know about Mr. Hari's problem."
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7. Governor: "The refugees are starving at the camp."
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8. Dr. Octavius: "We need more foods and waters for all the victims."
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9. Martin: "I am so glad to hear that everything is under control."
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10. Security man: "The electricity and water are not available here."
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Baca juga:
Cara Paling Mudah Menyusun Reported Yes / No Questions
Kumpulan Soal Latihan Reported Yes / No Questions Terlengkap
Cara Paling Mudah Menyusun Reported WH Questions
Cara Paling Mudah Menyusun Reported Yes / No Questions
Kumpulan Soal Latihan Reported Yes / No Questions Terlengkap
Cara Paling Mudah Menyusun Reported WH Questions
Thanks for joining our lesson today.
